Friday, September 22, 2017

Skies Painted by John Constable

John Constable
Cloud Study
1821
oil on paper, mounted on panel
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Cloud Study
1821
oil on paper, mounted on panel
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Cloud Study
1822
oil on paper, mounted on cardboard
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

" . . . the interest in clouds has long been seen as a characteristic preoccupation of the Romantics.  They epitomize the evocative and emotive power of atmospherics.  Constable's famous remark that the sky was the 'chief organ of sentiment' in a picture has often been quoted as a sign of this new concern.  In his case this interest was combined with a precise observation of cloud types informed by recent meteorological advances, notably those by Luke Howard, the creator of the modern system of cloud classification.  Indeed, the evolution of the scientific study of meteorology can be seen as part of that great upsurge of 'earth sciences' in the Romantic era that brought a new understanding of the transient and effervescent." 

– William Vaughan, from Samuel Palmer: Shadows on the Wall (Yale University Press, 2015)

John Constable
Cloud Study
1822
oil on paper, mounted on panel
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Coastal Scene with Cliffs
ca. 1814
oil on paper, mounted on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Waterloo Bridge
1815-25
oil on canvas
Cincinnati Art Museum

John Constable
Landscape at East Bergholt
ca. 1805
watercolor
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Golding Constable's House, East Bergholt (the artist's birthplace)
ca. 1809
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Study of Cloudy Sky
ca. 1825
oil on paper, mounted on panel
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Ploughing Scene in Suffolk
1824-25
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

"Constable's 'realistic' landscape constituted a strike against the traditional image of rural bliss, the Pastoral.  In his view (and that of many others) he was challenging the idyllicism of the conventional Pastoral and replacing it with an authentic view of the countryside as a working environment.  . . .  This was the position proclaimed by Constable with his call for a 'natural painture'.  His work had become, particularly since his successful exhibition of The Haywain in 1821, a rallying point for the supporters of the view that landscape should address the observable and everyday."   

– William Vaughan, from Samuel Palmer: Shadows on the Wall (Yale University Press, 2015)

John Constable
Hampstead Heath with Bonfire
ca. 1822
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Osmington Village
1816-17
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
View on Hampstead Heath, early morning
1821
oil on canvas
Yale Center for British Art

John Constable
Stonehenge at Sunset
1836
oil on paper, mounted on panel
Yale Center for British Art